In this blog post we have analysed the Uroburos code that disables the old Windows 7 Kernel Patch Protection, and have given overview of the new Patchguard version 8 implementation. The reader should now be able to understand why the attacks such as the one used by Uroburos could not work with the new version of Kernel Patch Protection. It seems that the new implementation of this technology can defeat all known attacks. Microsoft engineers have done a great amount of work to try to mitigate a class of attacks .
I used this version, based on the work of Fyyre ( -tower.de/). After installation on a test PC I kept an eye on outbound network traffic for a while in my router (Ubiquiti Edge) and didn't see anything. Fyyre's site also has Windows 7 SP1 and Windows 8 patchguard disablers.
Disable Patchguard Windows 81
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The second approach is the one I have been using so far thanks to PPLKiller. I use its disablePPL sub-command to disable the protection every time I need to debug a protected process for research purposes.
The option /disableLSAProtection does the same thing as /disablePPL , except that it automatically retrieves the PID of the LSASS process. The target PID is then passed as a parameter, along with a custom structure (more about that later), to the function disableProtectedProcesses(...).
The function disableProtectedProcesses() first opens the device \\.\RTCore64, which is automatically created when the (64-bit) driver is loaded. It will use this handle to send commands to it through the DeviceIoControl API.
To resolve this problem do the followings:-1] Boot computer with the Windows XP CD-ROM in the CD-ROM drive.2] To repair a Windows XP installation using Recovery Console, press R.3] At the command prompt, type the following commands:- cd \windows\system32\drivers [Press the ENTER Key] ren ntfs.sys ntfs.old [Press the ENTER Key] If the ntfs.sys file is there and corrupt it will rename it. If it is not there then it was missing. 4]At the command prompt, type the following command, and then press ENTER:copy X:\i386\ntfs.sys drive:\windows\system32\drivers [Where X=CD-ROM Drive]5]Remove the Windows XP CD from CD-ROM drive, type quit, and thenpress ENTER to quit the Recovery Console.6. Restart the system.
This allows CosmicStrand to gain hold of the execution once the Windows NT kernel starts and disable the PatchGuard, which is specifically designed to prevent any modifications in the Windows NT kernel.
Driver Signature Enforcement is part of Windows Code Integrity (CI) and, depending on the Windows build version, it is located in ntoskrnl.exe or CI.dll as a global non-exported variable (flag). Before Windows 8 build 9600, the DSE flag is located in ntoskrnl.exe as nt!g_CiEnabled, which is a global boolean variable toggling DSE either enabled or disabled. In any other more recent builds, the DSE flag can be found in CI.dll as CI!g_CiOptions, which is a combination of flags (0x0=disabled, 0x6=enabled, 0x8=test mode).
In a nutshell, the idea is to (ab)use a vulnerable signed driver with an arbitrary kernel memory read/write exploit, locate either the g_CiEnabled or g_CiOptions variables in kernel memory and overwrite the value with 0x0 to disable DSE using the vulnerable driver. Once DSE is disabled, the malicious driver can be loaded, after which the DSE value should be restored as soon as possible, because DSE is protected by PatchGuard. Sounds relatively straightforward you might say, however the hard part is locating g_CiEnabled or g_CiOptions, because even though we know where to go looking, they are not exported so we will need to perform offset calculations.
I doubt that Microsoft has hardcoded the list of AntiViruses somewhere and decides which processes should get this flag based on the certificate, so how does windows decide which processes should get this flag?
In April 2019, the Norton 360 brand was revived to replace Norton Security, adding Norton Secure VPN, 10 GB of online backup per-user, as well as premium plans incorporating LifeLock identity theft protection.[29][30]Additional features have been added to the Norton 360 product line, including a specific suite of tools for gaming in 2021,[31] and social media monitoring services in February 2022.[32]Norton 360 won three categories in AV-TEST Institute's 2021 Awards, for Best Protection and Best Performance for Windows Home, MacOS security, and Android security for consumer use.[33] In January 2022, Norton installed a cryptominer that would mine Ethereum once activated by the user; the feature was permanently disabled in September of that year.[34]
Norton 360 software is not sold; it is a purchased subscription for a stated period (e.g. one year). The software (e.g. firewall, antivirus) is automatically disabled at the end of the subscription period, unless a new subscription is purchased.
Taking my cues from Abatchy, I decided to try and bypass SMEP by using a well-known ROP chain technique that utilizes segments of code in the kernel to disable SMEP and then heads to user space to call our shellcode. 2ff7e9595c
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